Sajdah Al-Sahw refers to the prostration of forgetfulness. There are instances in our Salaah when we commit some errors or forget a few actions. In such cases, Sajdah Al-Sahw is a form of blessing upon the believers.
The evidence for that is the Hadeeth of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said that when the Prophet ﷺ said the salaam after two rak’ahs in one of the two afternoon prayers, either Zuhr or ‘Asr, and they told him about that, he ﷺ did the rest of the prayer, then he said the salaam, then he prostrated twice (the prostration of forgetfulness) after saying the salaam. [Al-Bukhaari, 482; Muslim, 573]
As to how and when exactly the Sajdah of forgetfulness should be done, there’s a difference of opinion among the scholars. The most correct view can be regarded as follows:
- If a person does something extra in the Salaah – prostration must be done after the salaam.
- If a person omits something from the Salaah – prostration must be done before the salaam.
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) was asked about the reasons for doing the prostration of forgetfulness, and he replied as follows:
Prostration of forgetfulness in prayer is generally prescribed for three reasons:
- Doing something extra
For example, doing an extra bow (rukoo’), prostration (sujood), standing or sitting
- Omitting something
An essential part of the prayer, or omitting one of the obligatory parts of the prayer
- Being uncertain
When a person is not sure how many rak’ahs he has prayed; whether it was three or four
In the Case of Doing Something Extra
If a person adds something to his prayer – bowing, prostrating, standing or sitting – deliberately, then his prayer becomes invalid because when he adds something, it means that he did not do the prayer in the manner ordained by Allah ﷻ and His Messenger ﷺ.
The Prophet ﷺ said,
“Whoever does an action that is not part of this matter of ours (i.e., Islam), will have it rejected.”
[Narrated by Muslim, 1718]
However, if he performed that extra action by mistake, then his prayer is not invalidated. He should do the prostration of forgetfulness after saying the salaam.
In the Case of Omitting Something
If a person omits one of the essential parts of the prayer, one of the following two scenarios may apply:
- Either he remembers it before he reaches the same point in the following rak’ah, in which case, he has to go back and do that essential part of the prayer and whatever came after it,
- Or he does not remember it until he reaches the same point in the following rak’ah, in which case, the following rak’ah takes the place of the one in which he omitted that essential part, and he should make up the invalid rak’ah.
In either of these two cases, he should perform the prostration of forgetfulness after saying the salaam.
In the Case of Uncertainty
However, if one is not sure as to whether they have done an extra act or omitted an act, they should do what they feel the most inclined towards. That is, if he feels like he has left a Sajdah, then he should do a prostration of forgiveness before the salaam. In the same manner, if he feels like he has done an extra prostration, then he should do a prostration after the salaam. But if neither of the two seem likely, then a prostration should be done before the salaam.
In the Case of Forgetting the 1st Tashahhud
There are times when we forget the first Tashahhud in Salaah. It is considered as one of the most essential and obligatory parts of the Salaah. If someone forgets it by mistake, he should do a prostration of forgiveness before/after the Taslim. After the Sajdah of forgetfulness is performed, Tashahhud should not be done again.
But if he’s done so deliberately, his prayer is invalid. [Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah (8/7)]
Lastly, there’s no special way to do the Sajdah of forgetfulness. It’s the same as the regular prostration. [Al-Mardaawi said in al-Insaaf (2/159), Al -Ramli said in Nihaayat al-Muhtaaj (2/88)]
Written by: Binth Malik and Yasmin
Edited by: The Editorial Team
© The Islamic Reflections Blog
References
https://www.islamicfinder.org/knowledge/islam-and-sunnah/prostration-of-forgetfulness-sujood-alsahw/
https://islamqa.info/en/answers/12527/reasons-for-doing-the-prostration-of-forgetfulness